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How to Prepare Your Child for Competency-Based Education (CBE) Senior School Pathway Selection in Kenya

Author

Collins Chegero

Educationist
Wed, Jul 30, 2025 15 min read
How to Prepare Your Child for Competency-Based Education (CBE) Senior School Pathway Selection in Kenya

With the introduction of the Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC), education in Kenya is undergoing a transformative shift from rote learning to a more skills-oriented, learner-centered approach. One of the most important milestones in this system is the Senior School Pathway Selection at the end of Junior Secondary (Grade 9).

As a parent or guardian, your role in this decision-making process is crucial. Here's how to support your child in choosing the best pathway for their future.

🧭 What Is the Senior School Pathway Selection?

Under the CBC, learners in Grade 9 (the final year of Junior Secondary School) must choose one of three specialized pathways to pursue in Senior School (Grades 10–12):

1. STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) Pathway

  • Focuses on scientific inquiry, innovation, and tech skills.

  • Suitable for learners interested in medicine, engineering, ICT, etc.

2. Social Sciences and Arts Pathway

  • Includes humanities, social sciences, languages, and creative arts.

  • Ideal for those drawn to law, journalism, teaching, performing arts, etc.

3. Sports Science and Technical & Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Pathway

  • Practical, hands-on learning in areas like agriculture, business, trades, and athletics.

  • Supports learners interested in entrepreneurship, skilled trades, or athletics careers.

Each pathway leads to different career and higher education opportunities, and the goal is to align learning with a child's talents, interests, and potential.

📝 How to Prepare Your Child for the Selection Process

1. Understand the CBC Framework

Learn the basic principles of the CBC system, which emphasizes:

  • Practical application of knowledge

  • Holistic development of learners

  • Strength-based and interest-based learning

You can review CBC documents on the Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) website or ask for guidance from teachers.

2. Observe Your Child’s Interests and Strengths

Pay attention to:

  • Subjects your child enjoys and performs well in

  • Hobbies and extracurricular activities

  • How they solve problems, interact with others, or create things

Use this information to gauge what pathway might suit them best.

3. Talk to Teachers and Career Counsellors

Educators play a key role in evaluating your child’s competencies. Set up meetings with:

  • Subject teachers to understand academic strengths

  • Career guidance counsellors to explore suitable pathways and long-term goals

They can provide insight into which pathway fits your child’s learning style and abilities.

4. Explore Careers Early

Help your child explore career options related to each pathway. Ask:

  • What kind of work environment excites you?

  • Do you prefer hands-on activities or theoretical discussions?

  • Would you enjoy working with people, machines, animals, or ideas?

Use resources like:

  • Career fairs

  • Virtual job shadowing

  • Mentorship programs

  • My Careers tool (if available at school)

5. Visit or Research Senior Schools Offering Each Pathway

Find out:

  • Which senior schools offer your child’s preferred pathway

  • Entry requirements (KCSE performance, assessments, etc.)

  • Available facilities (labs, workshops, arts studios, etc.)

The Ministry of Education often releases a list of accredited senior schools and the pathways they offer.

6. Guide Without Pushing

Let your child take the lead in exploring their interests, but offer support in evaluating options realistically. Avoid choosing a pathway based solely on prestige or societal expectations—focus on fit and long-term motivation.

7. Be Informed About Selection Tools

Some schools may use:

  • Aptitude assessments

  • Personality and interest inventories

  • Portfolios or performance records

Ensure your child participates in any official assessments or guidance programs organized by their school.

🎯 Tips for Parents

  • Stay involved but not overbearing – Help your child evaluate options but let them make the final choice.

  • Encourage curiosity and learning outside school – Competency-based education values life skills and passion.

  • Don’t panic if your child is unsure – Pathways can evolve; foundational skills can still apply across fields.

  • Be realistic about academic and financial planning – Some pathways may require tools, gear, or extra resources.

✅ Conclusion

Pathway selection in Kenya’s CBC system is not just about choosing subjects—it’s about preparing your child for a fulfilling life and career. With guidance, open communication, and a willingness to support their individuality, you can help your child step into senior school confident and ready to thrive.